2021
OLAREWAJU, Akinola Johnson
Effects of Seismic Loads from Underground Accidental Explosions Occurring Between Ground Surface and Buried Pipes Journal Article
In: International Journal of Advanced Geotechnic and Impact Engineering, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-10, 2021, ISSN: 2545-5559.
@article{IJAGIE-21-001,
title = {Effects of Seismic Loads from Underground Accidental Explosions Occurring Between Ground Surface and Buried Pipes},
author = {Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/IJAGIE-21-001.pdf},
issn = {2545-5559},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-02},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Geotechnic and Impact Engineering},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-10},
abstract = {Underground accidental explosions are caused by the detonation of explosive materials (solid, liquid or gas) stored below the ground surface. In this study, effects on underground pipes due to varying degrees of underground accidental explosions between the ground surface and buried concrete and steel pipes were studied using ABAQUS, a finite element numerical code. Concrete and steel pipes buried in loose sand and dense sand at various depths below the ground surface were modelled. The material properties as revealed by several researchers were used. Pipe and soil materials were limited to linear, elastic, homogeneous and isotropic. The observed parameters are displacement, pressure, mises, stress and strain at the crown, invert and spring-line of buried pipes. The results showed that irrespective of the ground media, at a given loading wave velocity, displacement remains relatively constant as the embedment ratio increases. Even though there is variation in the results due to dilations and compressions caused by the transient stress pulse of compression wave, some of the observed parameters reduce as the depth of burial of pipes increased.
Keywords: Underground, Explosion, Pipes, Loading Wave Velocity.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Underground accidental explosions are caused by the detonation of explosive materials (solid, liquid or gas) stored below the ground surface. In this study, effects on underground pipes due to varying degrees of underground accidental explosions between the ground surface and buried concrete and steel pipes were studied using ABAQUS, a finite element numerical code. Concrete and steel pipes buried in loose sand and dense sand at various depths below the ground surface were modelled. The material properties as revealed by several researchers were used. Pipe and soil materials were limited to linear, elastic, homogeneous and isotropic. The observed parameters are displacement, pressure, mises, stress and strain at the crown, invert and spring-line of buried pipes. The results showed that irrespective of the ground media, at a given loading wave velocity, displacement remains relatively constant as the embedment ratio increases. Even though there is variation in the results due to dilations and compressions caused by the transient stress pulse of compression wave, some of the observed parameters reduce as the depth of burial of pipes increased.
Keywords: Underground, Explosion, Pipes, Loading Wave Velocity.
Keywords: Underground, Explosion, Pipes, Loading Wave Velocity.
2020
JODA, Michael Duro; FOLAYAN, Bolu John
Influence of Political Information Sources on Rural Voter Preference for Presidential Candidates in the Nigerian 2019 Elections Journal Article
In: International Journal of Academic Research and Innovation, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-10, 2020, ISSN: 2545 – 5214.
@article{IJARI2001001,
title = {Influence of Political Information Sources on Rural Voter Preference for Presidential Candidates in the Nigerian 2019 Elections},
author = {Michael Duro JODA and Bolu John FOLAYAN},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IJARI-20-01-001.pdf},
issn = {2545 – 5214},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-09-24},
journal = {International Journal of Academic Research and Innovation},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-10},
abstract = {There are lots of factors affecting voters’ decision on who to vote for amongst presidential candidates most especially voters in the rural and sub-urban areas. These factors could be examined through the fusion of quantitative and qualitative tradition with a view to helping voters make up their choice of presidential candidates during elections. This study investigates how voters in rural areas of Nigeria sought information about presidential candidates in the 2019 presidential elections. Relying on previous studies and constructs of the two-step hypothesis/opinion leadership theory, it was assumed that voters in rural areas had poor access to the mass media. In addition, they obtained information about presidential candidates and their programmes through opinion leaders who might have greater access to the mass media. The study also identified factors influencing voters on their choice of presidential candidate. Information was obtained from a sample size of one thousand voters and were randomly stratified based on the six geo-political zones of the country. In addition to this, one Focus Group Discussion was held in each of the six zones to enhance the validity and reliability of data obtained. Among other findings, the study revealed that residents of rural and sub-urban areas are gaining more access to the mass media (radio, TV and social media) and are more likely to vote the presidential candidate of the party they are affiliated with, irrespective of the personal qualities of the candidate.
Keywords: Influence, Information, Media, Voter, Preference, Election,},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
There are lots of factors affecting voters’ decision on who to vote for amongst presidential candidates most especially voters in the rural and sub-urban areas. These factors could be examined through the fusion of quantitative and qualitative tradition with a view to helping voters make up their choice of presidential candidates during elections. This study investigates how voters in rural areas of Nigeria sought information about presidential candidates in the 2019 presidential elections. Relying on previous studies and constructs of the two-step hypothesis/opinion leadership theory, it was assumed that voters in rural areas had poor access to the mass media. In addition, they obtained information about presidential candidates and their programmes through opinion leaders who might have greater access to the mass media. The study also identified factors influencing voters on their choice of presidential candidate. Information was obtained from a sample size of one thousand voters and were randomly stratified based on the six geo-political zones of the country. In addition to this, one Focus Group Discussion was held in each of the six zones to enhance the validity and reliability of data obtained. Among other findings, the study revealed that residents of rural and sub-urban areas are gaining more access to the mass media (radio, TV and social media) and are more likely to vote the presidential candidate of the party they are affiliated with, irrespective of the personal qualities of the candidate.
Keywords: Influence, Information, Media, Voter, Preference, Election,
Keywords: Influence, Information, Media, Voter, Preference, Election,
2019
Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU
Groundwater Evaluation of Sedimentary Formation and Basement Complex Journal Article
In: International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Academic Research and Development, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 6, 2019, ISSN: 2545-5354.
@article{IJAMARD1901001,
title = {Groundwater Evaluation of Sedimentary Formation and Basement Complex},
author = {Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/IJAMARD-19-01-001.pdf},
issn = {2545-5354},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-11-10},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Academic Research and Development},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {6},
abstract = {In the basement complex, the aquifers usually exist under water table conditions because they are unconfined while the sedimentary basins show greater complexity because water may be obtained from more than one horizon in a vertical profile. This study examines the effect of waste and the environment on the quality of groundwater of the sedimentary formations and basement complex of part of Ogun State, Nigeria. Samples of water were taken from Water Corporation, borehole water, water sold in sachets and well waters from the geologic areas under study with Water Corporation sample serving as control experiment. In addition to this, the depths were measured to determine the depth of wells and ground water levels. Using grab method, representative samples were taken from the effluent from the industries, 3 wells at measured distances 288.20m, 468.30m and 1219.20m respectively from the point of discharge of the waste. The samples and effluent from the sedimentary formations and basement complex were, in line with APHA (1985), tested for physico-chemical and microbiological parameters and the results compared with available standards. The results revealed that the activities of the industries have tremendously affected the quality of groundwater in the basement complex area and, when the results from sedimentary formations were compared with acceptable standard, some were found to be suspects in terms of quality. In line with available and acceptable global practice, in order to prevent widespread of water related diseases, methods of reducing these parameters in the wells were recommended for the inhabitants. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the basement complex, the aquifers usually exist under water table conditions because they are unconfined while the sedimentary basins show greater complexity because water may be obtained from more than one horizon in a vertical profile. This study examines the effect of waste and the environment on the quality of groundwater of the sedimentary formations and basement complex of part of Ogun State, Nigeria. Samples of water were taken from Water Corporation, borehole water, water sold in sachets and well waters from the geologic areas under study with Water Corporation sample serving as control experiment. In addition to this, the depths were measured to determine the depth of wells and ground water levels. Using grab method, representative samples were taken from the effluent from the industries, 3 wells at measured distances 288.20m, 468.30m and 1219.20m respectively from the point of discharge of the waste. The samples and effluent from the sedimentary formations and basement complex were, in line with APHA (1985), tested for physico-chemical and microbiological parameters and the results compared with available standards. The results revealed that the activities of the industries have tremendously affected the quality of groundwater in the basement complex area and, when the results from sedimentary formations were compared with acceptable standard, some were found to be suspects in terms of quality. In line with available and acceptable global practice, in order to prevent widespread of water related diseases, methods of reducing these parameters in the wells were recommended for the inhabitants.
Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU
Variation of Energy and Principal Stress Components in Underground Structures Due to Seismic Action of Surface Accidental Explosion Journal Article
In: International Journal of Advanced Modeling and Analysis in Engineering, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-6, 2019, ISSN: ISSN: 2550-7206.
@article{IJAMAE-19-01-001,
title = {Variation of Energy and Principal Stress Components in Underground Structures Due to Seismic Action of Surface Accidental Explosion},
author = {Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/IJAMAE-19-01-001.pdf},
issn = {ISSN: 2550-7206},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-11-10},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Modeling and Analysis in Engineering},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-6},
abstract = {This study examines the principal stress components and variation of total energy generated in pipes buried loose sand, dense sand and undrained clay in different embedment rations due to seismic action of accidental explosion above the ground surface. In this study, pipes buried in infinite elastic, homogeneous and isotropic soil media was study using ABAQUS numerical code and accidental explosion above the ground surface was assumed to take place far away from the buried pipes. As a result, the material property was assumed to be linear, elastic, homogeneous and isotropic and therefore the two elastic constants as revealed by various researchers and pipe manufacturers were used in the study. Load parameters from accidental explosions above the ground surface but very close to the ground surface were estimated using Unified Facilities Criteria (2008) and pipes were laid horizontally with no joint. The contact between the soil and pipe was defined for ‘no slip’ condition and therefore it is assumed that perfect bond exist between the soil and the pipe. Boundary conditions were defined with respect to global Cartesian axis and time integration technique in ABAQUS/Explicit was used to solve the equation of motion with initial conditions Parameters observed are stress components and variation of total energy generated in pipes buried in different soil media. The increase in total energy and principal stress components at integrated points, from the results, are higher in pipes buried in undrained clay than pipes buried in loose sand and dense sand, indicative of the fact that undrained clay is likely to be problematic with respect to the seismic action of surface accidental explosion},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study examines the principal stress components and variation of total energy generated in pipes buried loose sand, dense sand and undrained clay in different embedment rations due to seismic action of accidental explosion above the ground surface. In this study, pipes buried in infinite elastic, homogeneous and isotropic soil media was study using ABAQUS numerical code and accidental explosion above the ground surface was assumed to take place far away from the buried pipes. As a result, the material property was assumed to be linear, elastic, homogeneous and isotropic and therefore the two elastic constants as revealed by various researchers and pipe manufacturers were used in the study. Load parameters from accidental explosions above the ground surface but very close to the ground surface were estimated using Unified Facilities Criteria (2008) and pipes were laid horizontally with no joint. The contact between the soil and pipe was defined for ‘no slip’ condition and therefore it is assumed that perfect bond exist between the soil and the pipe. Boundary conditions were defined with respect to global Cartesian axis and time integration technique in ABAQUS/Explicit was used to solve the equation of motion with initial conditions Parameters observed are stress components and variation of total energy generated in pipes buried in different soil media. The increase in total energy and principal stress components at integrated points, from the results, are higher in pipes buried in undrained clay than pipes buried in loose sand and dense sand, indicative of the fact that undrained clay is likely to be problematic with respect to the seismic action of surface accidental explosion
Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU
Effects of Loading Wave Velocity on Various Behaviors of Underground Structures Journal Article
In: International Journal of Applied Geophysics and Computational Fluid Mechanics, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-6, 2019, ISSN: ISSN: 2550-7222.
@article{IJAGCFM-19-01-001,
title = {Effects of Loading Wave Velocity on Various Behaviors of Underground Structures},
author = {Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/IJAGCFM-19-01-001.pdf},
issn = {ISSN: 2550-7222},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-11-10},
journal = {International Journal of Applied Geophysics and Computational Fluid Mechanics},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-6},
abstract = {Behavior of underground pipes due to underground accidental explosion was studied using finite element based numerical code, ABAQUS. Using numerical method, the values of the loading wave velocities, Cp (m/s) were estimated and the ground movement parameters were used to study the behaviors of modeled steel and concrete pipes buried in loose sand, dense sand and undrained clay. The boundary condition of the model is either fixed or roller. Raleigh damping is meant to reflect physical damping in the actual material. Contrary to our usual engineering intuition, introducing damping to the solution reduces the stable time increment. A small amount of numerical damping is introduced in the form of bulk viscosity to control high frequency oscillations. For the elastic, homogeneous and isotropic materials considered, the values of Young’s modulus, E, Poisson’s ratio, υ and densities of steel, concrete, loose sand, dense sand and undrained clay as revealed by several researchers and pipe manufacturers were used to observed the behavior of underground pipes due to loads from underground accidental explosion and parameters varied. Time integration technique of finite difference and finite element in ABAQUS/Explicit numerical code was used to solve the governing dynamic equation of motion. From the results,, for a given loading wave velocity, displacement in pipes is almost constant at all embedment ratios considered irrespective of the material properties. Irrespective of the ground media, as the seismic velocity increases, displacement increases linearly and for low stiffness pipes buried at low depth of burial, especially in undrained clay soil, there is need for explosion resistance evaluation},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Behavior of underground pipes due to underground accidental explosion was studied using finite element based numerical code, ABAQUS. Using numerical method, the values of the loading wave velocities, Cp (m/s) were estimated and the ground movement parameters were used to study the behaviors of modeled steel and concrete pipes buried in loose sand, dense sand and undrained clay. The boundary condition of the model is either fixed or roller. Raleigh damping is meant to reflect physical damping in the actual material. Contrary to our usual engineering intuition, introducing damping to the solution reduces the stable time increment. A small amount of numerical damping is introduced in the form of bulk viscosity to control high frequency oscillations. For the elastic, homogeneous and isotropic materials considered, the values of Young’s modulus, E, Poisson’s ratio, υ and densities of steel, concrete, loose sand, dense sand and undrained clay as revealed by several researchers and pipe manufacturers were used to observed the behavior of underground pipes due to loads from underground accidental explosion and parameters varied. Time integration technique of finite difference and finite element in ABAQUS/Explicit numerical code was used to solve the governing dynamic equation of motion. From the results,, for a given loading wave velocity, displacement in pipes is almost constant at all embedment ratios considered irrespective of the material properties. Irrespective of the ground media, as the seismic velocity increases, displacement increases linearly and for low stiffness pipes buried at low depth of burial, especially in undrained clay soil, there is need for explosion resistance evaluation
Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU
Effects of Varying Parameters on Underground Structures (Pipes) Due to Seismic Action of Surface Accidental Explosion Journal Article
In: International Journal of Advances in Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-6, 2019, ISSN: ISSN: 2550-7192.
@article{IJACIE-19-01-001,
title = {Effects of Varying Parameters on Underground Structures (Pipes) Due to Seismic Action of Surface Accidental Explosion},
author = {Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/IJACIE-19-01-001.pdf},
issn = {ISSN: 2550-7192},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-11-10},
journal = {International Journal of Advances in Civil and Infrastructure Engineering},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-6},
abstract = {Behavior of underground pipes due to accidental explosion above the ground surface was studied using finite element based numerical code, ABAQUS. Pressure load parameters from accidental explosions above the ground surface but very close to the ground surface were estimated using Unified Facilities Criteria (2008). Using the ground movement parameters, behaviors of modeled steel and concrete pipes buried in loose sand, dense sand and undrained clay were examined and parametric studies carried out. For the elastic, homogeneous and isotropic materials considered, the values of Young’s modulus, E, Poisson’s ratio, υ and densities of steel, concrete, loose sand, dense sand and undrained clay as revealed by several researchers and pipe manufacturers were used to observed the behavior of underground pipes buried at 1m depth due to loads from accidental explosion above the ground surface and parameters varied. Time integration technique of finite difference and finite element in ABAQUS/Explicit numerical code was used to solve the governing dynamic equation of motion. The observed parameters are displacement, pressure, mises and strain at the crown, invert and sprig-line of pipes buried in different soil media. From the results, there is no remarkable changes in the behavior of all the coefficient of friction investigated while there is reduction in mises, stress and displacement as the thickness of steel and concrete pipes increases. There is reduction in crown and spring-line as the Young’s modulus of soil and pipe increases while all the observed parameters increases as the pressure loads increases in steel and concrete pipes.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Behavior of underground pipes due to accidental explosion above the ground surface was studied using finite element based numerical code, ABAQUS. Pressure load parameters from accidental explosions above the ground surface but very close to the ground surface were estimated using Unified Facilities Criteria (2008). Using the ground movement parameters, behaviors of modeled steel and concrete pipes buried in loose sand, dense sand and undrained clay were examined and parametric studies carried out. For the elastic, homogeneous and isotropic materials considered, the values of Young’s modulus, E, Poisson’s ratio, υ and densities of steel, concrete, loose sand, dense sand and undrained clay as revealed by several researchers and pipe manufacturers were used to observed the behavior of underground pipes buried at 1m depth due to loads from accidental explosion above the ground surface and parameters varied. Time integration technique of finite difference and finite element in ABAQUS/Explicit numerical code was used to solve the governing dynamic equation of motion. The observed parameters are displacement, pressure, mises and strain at the crown, invert and sprig-line of pipes buried in different soil media. From the results, there is no remarkable changes in the behavior of all the coefficient of friction investigated while there is reduction in mises, stress and displacement as the thickness of steel and concrete pipes increases. There is reduction in crown and spring-line as the Young’s modulus of soil and pipe increases while all the observed parameters increases as the pressure loads increases in steel and concrete pipes.
2018
Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU
Settlement Potentials and Characteristics of Plastic Pellet Stabilized Sedimentary Formation Journal Article
In: International Journal of Advances in Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-4, 2018, ISBN: ISSN: 2550-7192.
@article{IJACIE701001,
title = {Settlement Potentials and Characteristics of Plastic Pellet Stabilized Sedimentary Formation},
author = {Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/IJACIE-18-01-001.pdf},
isbn = {ISSN: 2550-7192},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-28},
journal = {International Journal of Advances in Civil and Infrastructure Engineering},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-4},
abstract = {Structure built over a layer of saturated clay will result to consolidation settlement if the water table is lower permanently in a stratum overlaying a clay layer. The time taken for settlement is a factor that can influence the design and construction of civil engineering infrastructures. The coefficient of compressibility is the most suitable of all the consolidation parameters for direct estimation of settlement. In the world today, plastic waste has constituted environmental nuisance most especially in developing nations. Due to non-biodegradable nature of plastic waste, there is need to find alternative use, most especially in construction industry. In this study, the lateritic soil used was taken on the Ibeshe-Ewekoro-Ilaro Formation at Abalabi, along Papalanto-Ilaro road, Ogun State, Nigeria and the solid plastic wastes were taken from plastic recycling plant at Papalanto, Ogun State, Nigeria. The plastic wastes were cut into pellets passing through 5mm sieve and then substituted for lateritic soil from 0% to 50% at 5% interval while 0% plastic pellet substitution served as control experiment. For settlement potentials, 90% consolidation tests conducted on the composite materials of plastic pellet stabilized lateritic soil in line with BS 1377 (1990). From the results, coefficient of volume compressibility (Mv) and oedometer settlement (Soed) increases at certain dosage of plastic pellet increases in the lateritic soil. The use of plastic as lateritic soil stabilizers will reduce the quantity of waste and therefore, environmental risks and hazards caused by plastic waste would be greatly reduced if not completely eliminated.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Structure built over a layer of saturated clay will result to consolidation settlement if the water table is lower permanently in a stratum overlaying a clay layer. The time taken for settlement is a factor that can influence the design and construction of civil engineering infrastructures. The coefficient of compressibility is the most suitable of all the consolidation parameters for direct estimation of settlement. In the world today, plastic waste has constituted environmental nuisance most especially in developing nations. Due to non-biodegradable nature of plastic waste, there is need to find alternative use, most especially in construction industry. In this study, the lateritic soil used was taken on the Ibeshe-Ewekoro-Ilaro Formation at Abalabi, along Papalanto-Ilaro road, Ogun State, Nigeria and the solid plastic wastes were taken from plastic recycling plant at Papalanto, Ogun State, Nigeria. The plastic wastes were cut into pellets passing through 5mm sieve and then substituted for lateritic soil from 0% to 50% at 5% interval while 0% plastic pellet substitution served as control experiment. For settlement potentials, 90% consolidation tests conducted on the composite materials of plastic pellet stabilized lateritic soil in line with BS 1377 (1990). From the results, coefficient of volume compressibility (Mv) and oedometer settlement (Soed) increases at certain dosage of plastic pellet increases in the lateritic soil. The use of plastic as lateritic soil stabilizers will reduce the quantity of waste and therefore, environmental risks and hazards caused by plastic waste would be greatly reduced if not completely eliminated.
Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU
Permeability Potentials and Characteristics of Plastic Pellet Stabilized Sedimentary Formation Journal Article
In: International Journal of Academy of Engineering Research and Theory, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-4, 2018, ISSN: ISSN: 2545-5931.
@article{IJAERT701001,
title = {Permeability Potentials and Characteristics of Plastic Pellet Stabilized Sedimentary Formation},
author = {Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/IJAERT-18-01-001.pdf},
issn = {ISSN: 2545-5931},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-28},
journal = {International Journal of Academy of Engineering Research and Theory},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-4},
abstract = {Engineering constructions require large quantities of lateritic soils where drainage is very important. Therefore construction of these infrastructures by using the available soils especially the laterite is more beneficial in relation to their characteristics as construction material that would allow the passage of water when saturated. In other to mitigate the harmful effect of plastic waste in the environment, it is necessary to determine the various ways by which it could be used in construction and geotechnical industries. In this study, the lateritic soil used was taken on the Ibeshe-Ewekoro-Ilaro Formation at Ajegunle, along Papalanto-Ilaro road, Ogun State, Nigeria and the solid plastic wastes were taken from plastic recycling plant at Papalanto, Ogun State, Nigeria. The plastic wastes were cut into pellets passing through 5mm sieve and then substituted for lateritic soil from 0% to 50% at 5% interval for the tests while 0% served as control experiment. The test conducted in line with BS 1377 (1990) on plastic pellet stabilized lateritic soil is falling head permeability. From the results, it was observed that permeability parameters increases as the percentage of plastic pellet substitution increases with interesting increase at above 30% plastic pellet substitution. The use of plastic for in construction industry would reduce the quantities of plastic waste generated, and therefore, environmental risks and hazards caused by plastic wastes would be greatly reduced if not completely eliminated.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Engineering constructions require large quantities of lateritic soils where drainage is very important. Therefore construction of these infrastructures by using the available soils especially the laterite is more beneficial in relation to their characteristics as construction material that would allow the passage of water when saturated. In other to mitigate the harmful effect of plastic waste in the environment, it is necessary to determine the various ways by which it could be used in construction and geotechnical industries. In this study, the lateritic soil used was taken on the Ibeshe-Ewekoro-Ilaro Formation at Ajegunle, along Papalanto-Ilaro road, Ogun State, Nigeria and the solid plastic wastes were taken from plastic recycling plant at Papalanto, Ogun State, Nigeria. The plastic wastes were cut into pellets passing through 5mm sieve and then substituted for lateritic soil from 0% to 50% at 5% interval for the tests while 0% served as control experiment. The test conducted in line with BS 1377 (1990) on plastic pellet stabilized lateritic soil is falling head permeability. From the results, it was observed that permeability parameters increases as the percentage of plastic pellet substitution increases with interesting increase at above 30% plastic pellet substitution. The use of plastic for in construction industry would reduce the quantities of plastic waste generated, and therefore, environmental risks and hazards caused by plastic wastes would be greatly reduced if not completely eliminated.
2017
Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU
CBR Strength Characteristics of a Laterite Stabilized with 2% to 10% (Low Dosage) Thermoplastic Journal Article
In: International Journal of Advanced Geotechnic and Impact Engineering, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-11, 2017, ISSN: ISSN: 2545-5559.
@article{IJAGIE1701001,
title = {CBR Strength Characteristics of a Laterite Stabilized with 2% to 10% (Low Dosage) Thermoplastic},
author = {Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/IJAGIE-17-01-001.pdf},
issn = {ISSN: 2545-5559},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-12-12},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Geotechnic and Impact Engineering},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-11},
abstract = {This study is aimed at investigating the usability of thermoplastic as an alternative for construction materials with a view to reducing environmental hazard caused by plastic waste. The lateritic soil used was taken at Ajegunle, Abalabi (6 53’ 13.758”N, 3 7’ 59.994”E) along Papa-Ilaro road, Ogun State, Nigeria while the solid thermoplastic wastes were taken from plastic recycling plant at Papalanto (6 53’ 26.406”N, 310’ 21.788”E), Ogun state, Nigeria. The quantity of water which was used to obtain optimum moisture content and maximum dry density for lateritic soil (control, 0%) was determined. This water was then used to run CBR (soaked and unsoaked) tests for all thermoplastic substitutions. The thermoplastic waste were grounded into pellets passing through 5mm sieve and then substituted for lateritic soil from 2% to 10% (low dosage) at 2% interval for California Bearing Ration (CBR) test while 0% served as control experiment. The tests conducted in line with BS 1377 (1990) are sieve analysis, plasticity index determination, compaction, soaked and unsoaked CBR. From the results, it was observed that plastic pellet stabilized soil exhibit the same strength characteristic as lateritic soil while CBR value increases as percentage of plastic pellet increases for both soaked and unsoaked from 2% to 10% substitution. Consequently, plastic pellet could be used as a substitute as well as stabilizing agent in lateritic soil for construction material. Therefore, environmental risk and hazard caused by plastic waste could be reduced if not completely eliminated.
Keywords: Thermoplastic, Laterite, Soil, Strength, Plasticity, CBR, Soaked, Unsoaked.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study is aimed at investigating the usability of thermoplastic as an alternative for construction materials with a view to reducing environmental hazard caused by plastic waste. The lateritic soil used was taken at Ajegunle, Abalabi (6 53’ 13.758”N, 3 7’ 59.994”E) along Papa-Ilaro road, Ogun State, Nigeria while the solid thermoplastic wastes were taken from plastic recycling plant at Papalanto (6 53’ 26.406”N, 310’ 21.788”E), Ogun state, Nigeria. The quantity of water which was used to obtain optimum moisture content and maximum dry density for lateritic soil (control, 0%) was determined. This water was then used to run CBR (soaked and unsoaked) tests for all thermoplastic substitutions. The thermoplastic waste were grounded into pellets passing through 5mm sieve and then substituted for lateritic soil from 2% to 10% (low dosage) at 2% interval for California Bearing Ration (CBR) test while 0% served as control experiment. The tests conducted in line with BS 1377 (1990) are sieve analysis, plasticity index determination, compaction, soaked and unsoaked CBR. From the results, it was observed that plastic pellet stabilized soil exhibit the same strength characteristic as lateritic soil while CBR value increases as percentage of plastic pellet increases for both soaked and unsoaked from 2% to 10% substitution. Consequently, plastic pellet could be used as a substitute as well as stabilizing agent in lateritic soil for construction material. Therefore, environmental risk and hazard caused by plastic waste could be reduced if not completely eliminated.
Keywords: Thermoplastic, Laterite, Soil, Strength, Plasticity, CBR, Soaked, Unsoaked.
Keywords: Thermoplastic, Laterite, Soil, Strength, Plasticity, CBR, Soaked, Unsoaked.
Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU
Impact of Engineering in the Economic Development of a Nation – An Overview Journal Article
In: International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Academic Research and Development, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-5, 2017, ISSN: ISSN: 2545-5354.
@article{IJAMARD1701001,
title = {Impact of Engineering in the Economic Development of a Nation – An Overview},
author = {Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/IJAMARD-17-01-001.pdf},
issn = {ISSN: 2545-5354},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-12-10},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Academic Research and Development},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-5},
abstract = {This paper examines the role and impact of engineering professions in the economic development of any nation with a view to strengthen the areas of weaknesses to further boot the economic generation and enhancing job opportunities within and outside the nation. The ingredients were thoroughly defined. Available certificated engineering professions in the world were examines. In addition to this, basic engineering tools and their contribution to the economic development of a nation was critically and objectively discussed. The various factors for the economic growth and decline in the manufacturing industries were equally analyzed within the context of the globally available opportunities and possible solutions and way forward were suggested. Finally, the technical capacity building plans were exhaustively discussed and if fully implemented, will strengthen the engineering profession and eventually act as catalyst to the growth of the profession and the economy of the country at large.
Keywords: Engineering, Profession, Economy, Development, Innovation, Research},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper examines the role and impact of engineering professions in the economic development of any nation with a view to strengthen the areas of weaknesses to further boot the economic generation and enhancing job opportunities within and outside the nation. The ingredients were thoroughly defined. Available certificated engineering professions in the world were examines. In addition to this, basic engineering tools and their contribution to the economic development of a nation was critically and objectively discussed. The various factors for the economic growth and decline in the manufacturing industries were equally analyzed within the context of the globally available opportunities and possible solutions and way forward were suggested. Finally, the technical capacity building plans were exhaustively discussed and if fully implemented, will strengthen the engineering profession and eventually act as catalyst to the growth of the profession and the economy of the country at large.
Keywords: Engineering, Profession, Economy, Development, Innovation, Research
Keywords: Engineering, Profession, Economy, Development, Innovation, Research
Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU
CBR Strength Characteristics of a Laterite Stabilized with 25% to 50% (High Dosage) Thermoplastic Journal Article
In: International Journal of Advances in Engineering Materials and Processes, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-10, 2017, ISSN: ISSN: 2550-7230.
@article{IJAEMP1701001,
title = {CBR Strength Characteristics of a Laterite Stabilized with 25% to 50% (High Dosage) Thermoplastic},
author = {Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/IJAEMP-17-01-001.pdf},
issn = {ISSN: 2550-7230},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-10-12},
journal = {International Journal of Advances in Engineering Materials and Processes},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-10},
abstract = {This study is aimed at investigating the possibility of using thermoplastic as an alternative for construction materials with a view to turning waste to job opportunities rather than problem or nuisance. The laterite used in this study was taken at Ajegunle, Abalabi (6 53’ 13.758”N, 3 7’ 59.994”E) along Papa-Ilaro road, Ogun State, Nigeria and the solid thermoplastic wastes were taken from a plastic recycling plant at Papalanto (6 53’ 26.406”N, 310’ 21.788”E), Ogun State, Nigeria. The thermoplastic waste were grounded into pellets passing through 5mm sieve and then substituted for lateritic soil from 25% to 50% (at 5% interval) for soaked and unsoaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test in line with BS 1377 (1990) while 0% served as control experiment. The tests conducted are soaked and unsoaked CBR. From the results, it was observed that plastic pellet stabilized soil exhibit the same CBR characteristics as lateritic soil while CBR value increases as percentage of plastic pellet increases for both soaked and unsoaked from 25% to 50% substitution. Based on the results of this study, plastic pellet could be used as a substitute as well as stabilizing agent in lateritic soil for road construction materials. Therefore, environmental risk and hazard caused by plastic waste could be greatly reduced if not completely eliminated.
Keywords: Thermoplastic, Environment, Laterite, CBR, Soaked, Unsoaked, Waste},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study is aimed at investigating the possibility of using thermoplastic as an alternative for construction materials with a view to turning waste to job opportunities rather than problem or nuisance. The laterite used in this study was taken at Ajegunle, Abalabi (6 53’ 13.758”N, 3 7’ 59.994”E) along Papa-Ilaro road, Ogun State, Nigeria and the solid thermoplastic wastes were taken from a plastic recycling plant at Papalanto (6 53’ 26.406”N, 310’ 21.788”E), Ogun State, Nigeria. The thermoplastic waste were grounded into pellets passing through 5mm sieve and then substituted for lateritic soil from 25% to 50% (at 5% interval) for soaked and unsoaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test in line with BS 1377 (1990) while 0% served as control experiment. The tests conducted are soaked and unsoaked CBR. From the results, it was observed that plastic pellet stabilized soil exhibit the same CBR characteristics as lateritic soil while CBR value increases as percentage of plastic pellet increases for both soaked and unsoaked from 25% to 50% substitution. Based on the results of this study, plastic pellet could be used as a substitute as well as stabilizing agent in lateritic soil for road construction materials. Therefore, environmental risk and hazard caused by plastic waste could be greatly reduced if not completely eliminated.
Keywords: Thermoplastic, Environment, Laterite, CBR, Soaked, Unsoaked, Waste
Keywords: Thermoplastic, Environment, Laterite, CBR, Soaked, Unsoaked, Waste
Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU
CBR Strength Characteristics of a Laterite Stabilized with 12% to 20% (Medium Dosage) Thermoplastic Journal Article
In: International Journal of Academic Research and Innovation, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-9, 2017, ISSN: 2545 – 5214.
@article{IJARI-17-01-001,
title = {CBR Strength Characteristics of a Laterite Stabilized with 12% to 20% (Medium Dosage) Thermoplastic},
author = {Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/IJARI-17-01-001.pdf},
issn = {2545 – 5214},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-10-12},
journal = {International Journal of Academic Research and Innovation},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-9},
abstract = {This study is aimed at investigating the possibility of using thermoplastic as an alternative for road construction materials. This is with a view to recycling plastic wastes to stop the menace of environmental pollution. The lateritic soil used in this study was taken at Ajegunle, Abalabi (6 53’ 13.758”N, 3 7’ 59.994”E) along Papa-Ilaro road, Ogun State, Nigeria and the solid thermoplastic wastes were taken from plastic recycling plant at Papalanto (6 53’ 26.406”N, 310’ 21.788”E), Ogun State, Nigeria. The thermoplastic were grounded into pellets passing through 5mm sieve and then substituted for lateritic soil from a range of 12% to 20% at 2% interval for California Bearing Ratio (CBR) soaked and unsoaked tests while 0% served as control experiment. The tests conducted in line with BS 1377 (1990) are soaked and unsoaked CBR. From the results, it was observed that medium dosage plastic pellet stabilized lateritic soil exhibit the same strength characteristic as lateritic soil. In addition, the CBR values increases as percentage of plastic pellet increases for both soaked and unsoaked medium dosage substitutions. Based on the results of this study, plastic pellet could be used as a substitute and stabilizing agent in lateritic soil for construction material. Therefore, environmental risk and hazard caused by plastic waste could be greatly reduced.
Keywords: Thermoplastic, Environment, Laterite, CBR, Soaked, Unsoaked},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study is aimed at investigating the possibility of using thermoplastic as an alternative for road construction materials. This is with a view to recycling plastic wastes to stop the menace of environmental pollution. The lateritic soil used in this study was taken at Ajegunle, Abalabi (6 53’ 13.758”N, 3 7’ 59.994”E) along Papa-Ilaro road, Ogun State, Nigeria and the solid thermoplastic wastes were taken from plastic recycling plant at Papalanto (6 53’ 26.406”N, 310’ 21.788”E), Ogun State, Nigeria. The thermoplastic were grounded into pellets passing through 5mm sieve and then substituted for lateritic soil from a range of 12% to 20% at 2% interval for California Bearing Ratio (CBR) soaked and unsoaked tests while 0% served as control experiment. The tests conducted in line with BS 1377 (1990) are soaked and unsoaked CBR. From the results, it was observed that medium dosage plastic pellet stabilized lateritic soil exhibit the same strength characteristic as lateritic soil. In addition, the CBR values increases as percentage of plastic pellet increases for both soaked and unsoaked medium dosage substitutions. Based on the results of this study, plastic pellet could be used as a substitute and stabilizing agent in lateritic soil for construction material. Therefore, environmental risk and hazard caused by plastic waste could be greatly reduced.
Keywords: Thermoplastic, Environment, Laterite, CBR, Soaked, Unsoaked
Keywords: Thermoplastic, Environment, Laterite, CBR, Soaked, Unsoaked
2016
Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU
Characteristics of Densified Plastic Pellet Stabilized Lateritic Soil to Reduce the Impact of Accidental Explosions on Underground Structures Journal Article
In: International Journal of Academic Research and Innovation, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-7, 2016, ISSN: 2545 - 5214.
@article{IJARI-01-001,
title = {Characteristics of Densified Plastic Pellet Stabilized Lateritic Soil to Reduce the Impact of Accidental Explosions on Underground Structures},
author = {Nigeria, Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
editor = {Dr. Akinola Johnson OLAREWAJU},
url = {http://perfectengineeringassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/IJARI-01-001.pdf},
issn = {2545 - 5214},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-11-18},
journal = {International Journal of Academic Research and Innovation},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {1-7},
abstract = {This study examines the effect of compacted plastic pellets stabilized lateritic soil to reduce the impact of accidental explosions on underground structures. In this study, lateritic soil and plastic were taken from Ilaro, Ogun State, Nigeria. The plastic wastes were grounded into pellets and substituted with laterite. The tests were conducted in line with BS 1377 (1990) to determine the moisture content and compaction. The results were compared with the simulated results of Olarewaju (2013) in the study of the response of underground structures due to blast loads. In the said work, soil and pipes were modeled; loads from accidental explosions were estimated using Unified Facilities Criteria (2008). Various constituents of blast considered are ground media, pipes, intervening medium, blast, blast characteristics and method of analysis (finite element formulation and solution using ABAQUS/Explicit in ABAQUS). From the results, the lowest dry density value is 0.96kg/m3 and 1.130 kg/m3 respectively at 30% plastic pellets mixed with lateritic soil. In the work of Olarewaju (2013), dimensionless deflection at the crown, invert and spring-line of underground pipes in loose material is low compared to dense material. It is clear that at 30% and above plastic substitution, the density is relatively low and this could as soft backfill material reduce the impact of accidental explosions on underground structures. Consequently, loads arising from various accidental explosions on underground structures would be greatly reduce, if not completely eliminated
Keywords: Plastic Pellets, Explosion, Laterite, Underground, Structures},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study examines the effect of compacted plastic pellets stabilized lateritic soil to reduce the impact of accidental explosions on underground structures. In this study, lateritic soil and plastic were taken from Ilaro, Ogun State, Nigeria. The plastic wastes were grounded into pellets and substituted with laterite. The tests were conducted in line with BS 1377 (1990) to determine the moisture content and compaction. The results were compared with the simulated results of Olarewaju (2013) in the study of the response of underground structures due to blast loads. In the said work, soil and pipes were modeled; loads from accidental explosions were estimated using Unified Facilities Criteria (2008). Various constituents of blast considered are ground media, pipes, intervening medium, blast, blast characteristics and method of analysis (finite element formulation and solution using ABAQUS/Explicit in ABAQUS). From the results, the lowest dry density value is 0.96kg/m3 and 1.130 kg/m3 respectively at 30% plastic pellets mixed with lateritic soil. In the work of Olarewaju (2013), dimensionless deflection at the crown, invert and spring-line of underground pipes in loose material is low compared to dense material. It is clear that at 30% and above plastic substitution, the density is relatively low and this could as soft backfill material reduce the impact of accidental explosions on underground structures. Consequently, loads arising from various accidental explosions on underground structures would be greatly reduce, if not completely eliminated
Keywords: Plastic Pellets, Explosion, Laterite, Underground, Structures
Keywords: Plastic Pellets, Explosion, Laterite, Underground, Structures